Monitoring Linux Server dengan Prometheus, Node Exporter, dan Grafana

4 Agu 2023

Caution

🚀 Panduan hands-on untuk setup stack monitoring berbasis Prometheus. Kita akan pakai 2 VM berbasis Ubuntu: satu untuk Node Exporter, satu lagi untuk Prometheus + Grafana.

🖥️ Arsitektur Setup

VM 1 (vms-01, IP: 192.168.1.7): Node Exporter
VM 2 (vms-02, IP: 192.168.1.8): Prometheus & Grafana

🔧 Step 1 — Instalasi Node Exporter

Node Exporter bertugas ngumpulin metrik hardware & OS, lalu dikirim ke Prometheus.

sudo useradd --no-create-home --shell /bin/false node_exporter
wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.6.1/node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -P /mnt
cd /mnt
tar -zxvf node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cp node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64/node_exporter /usr/local/bin
chown node_exporter:node_exporter /usr/local/bin/node_exporter

Buat service:

[Unit]
Description=Node Exporter
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
User=node_exporter
Group=node_exporter
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/node_exporter

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Lalu aktifkan:

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start node_exporter
systemctl enable node_exporter

Cek di browser: http://192.168.1.7:9100/metrics

📦 Step 2 — Instalasi Prometheus

sudo useradd --no-create-home --shell /usr/sbin/nologin prometheus
wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.46.0/prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -P /mnt
cd /mnt
tar -zxvf prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cp prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64/{prometheus,promtool} /usr/local/bin/
chown prometheus:prometheus /usr/local/bin/prom*

mkdir /etc/prometheus
cp -r prometheus-2.46.0.linux-amd64/{consoles,console_libraries,prometheus.yml} /etc/prometheus
chown -R prometheus:prometheus /etc/prometheus

Edit /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml:

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: "prometheus"
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["localhost:9090"]

  - job_name: "node_exporter"
    static_configs:
      - targets: ["192.168.1.7:9100"]

Service Prometheus:

[Unit]
Description=Prometheus Monitoring
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
User=prometheus
Group=prometheus
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/prometheus \
  --config.file /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
  --storage.tsdb.path /etc/prometheus/data/ \
  --web.console.templates=/etc/prometheus/consoles \
  --web.console.libraries=/etc/prometheus/console_libraries

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Aktifkan:

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start prometheus
systemctl enable prometheus

Cek di browser: http://192.168.1.8:9090

📈 Step 3 — Instalasi Grafana

apt-get install -y apt-transport-https software-properties-common wget
wget -q -O /usr/share/keyrings/grafana.key https://apt.grafana.com/gpg.key
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/grafana.key] https://apt.grafana.com stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
apt-get update -y
apt-get install grafana -y

systemctl start grafana-server
systemctl enable grafana-server

Akses http://192.168.1.8:3000 dengan:

Username: admin
Password: admin

🧩 Integrasi Grafana dengan Prometheus

Menu Connections → Data Sources
Pilih Prometheus → URL: http://192.168.1.8:9090
Klik Save & Test

🧠 Dashboard

Gunakan template dari: https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/10180

Klik New → Import
Masukkan ID: 10180
Pilih data source Prometheus → Import

🎉 Selesai! Sekarang lo punya observability stack yang keren dan open source!

Kalau lo nemu kendala pas setup, drop pertanyaan di komentar. Bisa juga kasih cerita chaos monitoring lo yang seru, siapa tau relate 😄